Quiz Carriera diplomatica, 50 posti Segretario di legislazione in prova.

MATERIA: PROVA-01

Quesiti Risposta Multipla

029. Nella bilancia dei pagamenti, il saldo delle partite correnti misura - al netto dei cosiddetti effetti di valutazione – la variazione della posizione netta di un'economia nei confronti del resto del mondo. Un saldo positivo si associa quindi:

Read the text and answer the questions.
NORTH KOREA DECLARES 'MAJOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY' AS FIRST CASE OF COVID-19 IDENTIFIED, STATE MEDIA REPORTS.
North Korea has identified its first ever case of Covid-19, according to state media, which called the situation a "major national emergency."
It's unclear how many infections have been detected but state-run news agency KCNA reported on Thursday that cases of the Omicron variant had been found in the capital Pyongyang. Samples collected from a group of people experiencing fevers on May 8 tested positive for the highly contagious Omicron variant, KCNA reported.
An outbreak of Covid-19 could prove dire [1] for North Korea. The country's dilapidated health care infrastructure is unlikely to be up to the task of treating a large number of patients with a highly infectious disease.North Korea had not previously acknowledged any coronavirus cases, though few believe that a country of around 25 million people has been spared by a virus that has infected millions worldwide.
On Thursday, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un ordered lockdown measures in all cities and directed the distribution of medical supplies the party had reportedly stocked in case of a Covid emergency, according to KCNA.Kim also chaired a meeting of the country's powerful politburo, which agreed to implement "maximum" emergency anti-epidemic measures, though it is unclear what they involve.
According to KCNA, the politburo criticized the country's anti-epidemic sector for "carelessness, laxity, irresponsibility and incompetence," saying it "failed to respond sensitively" to increasing Covid-19 cases across the world, including in neighboring regions.Kim said the country would overcome the "unexpected Covid-19 outbreak," KCNA reported.
To date, North Korea has been able to prevent a major outbreak of Covid-19 cases thanks to a series of draconian public health measures.
North Korea's borders have been sealed since January 2020 to keep the virus at bay, despite the knock-on effects [3] on trade with Beijing, an economic lifeline the impoverished country needs to keep its people from going hungry. Zero vaccines could spell disaster. Isolated and impoverished North Korea is not known to have imported any coronavirus vaccines, though it is eligible for the global Covid-19 vaccine sharing program, Covax. In February, Covax reportedly scaled back [2] the number of doses allocated to North Korea because the country failed to arrange for any shipments, according to Reuters.
Also in February, the UN Special Rapporteur on human rights in North Korea Tomás Ojea Quintana called on the internationalcommunity to provide North Korea "with 60 million doses of vaccinations to cover at least two shots of the entire population."North Korea has also not provided information on its Covid-19 vaccination situation to the World Health Organization (WHO), according to its latest situation report.
Assuming most of North Korea's population is unvaccinated, a Covid outbreak would be disastrous. In the US earlier this year, Omicron fueled an unprecedented spike in Covid-19 cases, overwhelming hospitals with mostly unvaccinated patients. In Hong Kong, which had previously avoided high cases and deaths, a deadly Omicron wave quickly spiraled out of control, stretching morgues and hospitals to breaking point. At one stage, Hong Kong reported more deaths per million people than any country or territory in the world due to a large percentage of the city's elderly being unvaccinated.
But the US and Hong Kong have robust health systems. An outbreak in North Korea, which has limited testing capabilities, inadequate medical infrastructure, and which has isolated itself from the outside world, could quickly become deadly.

048. What’s the meaning of the expression “knock-on effect” [3]?
018. I) Violazione sostanziale del Trattato da parte di uno Stato; II) Corruzione del rappresentante di governo che conclude un accordo.

Read the text and answer the questions.
"I'd always considered my father to be something of a hoarder. Our family home was flanked by a pair of garages but neither was used for anything as prosaic as parking cars. Instead, they both bulged, ceiling to floor, with a bizarre and ever-growing menagerie of stuff: old windsurfing magazines, broken kettles, mouldy carpets, two dozen or more used stick deodorants. At the time, the rest of the family thought my father's stockpiling of apparently redundant objects was funny, a harmless eccentricity shared by middle-aged men nesting in garages and sheds across the land. Years later, when Obsessive Compulsive Disorder became a recognised medical condition, I started to wonder if those overflowing garages might have been bad for his health. Watching the moving documentary My Hoarder Mum and Me put my father's relatively benign symptoms into context. In it, Vasoulla, a lifelong hoarder and mother of TV presenter Jasmine Harman, invited a film crew into her home, or rather, her multistorey storage facility. Every room in Vasoulla's house contained more stuff than space. The staircases were almost impassable and in the kitchen, Vasoulla had problems chopping vegetables because every flat surface had already been commandeered by clutter. The house would have looked tidier if it had been struck by a tornado. To her credit, Vasoulla realised that she had a serious problem, not least because her hoarding had been going on - and getting worse – for years. Her grown-up sons remembered thinking it normal for dinner to be served in a bedroom; it was the only room that could accommodate the whole family. The hoarding had evidently been especially hard on Jasmine. 'All the way through my life I've felt that my mum's stuff was more important than me,' she reflected quietly. Any Freudian analysts watching will have been scribbling in their notebooks when Jasmine told us she now presents a TV property series that helps people to find their ideal homes. In contrast to Vasoulla, Jasmine 'vacuums everything, sofas, chairs, even the kitchen worktops'. Over the course of the documentary, which followed the family over several months, Jasmine coaxed and cajoled Vasoulla to jettison at least some of her junk. It was a slow, painful process - Vasoulla had been known to buy back her own possessions just hours after donating them to charity. In need of professional help, Yasmin consulted a Dr Mataix-Cols, who told her hoarding was considered a form of OCD but did not get the attention and research grants it deserved because it wasn't yet recognised as a condition in its own right. The author of another book about hoarding had even more dispiriting news for Jasmine. 'Give up,' she was told, 'because hoarders never stop hoarding'. Unperturbed by these gloomy prognoses, Jasmine helped Vasoulla sift through the flotsam and jetsam. It was impossible not to share Jasmine's frustration with her mother's attachment to even her most ephemeral possessions ('Can I throw away a copy of the Financial Times from 2010?'). Yet by the end, you also shared Jasmine's triumph as the carpets of three of her mother's rooms were reintroduced to the light of day for the first time in years. It would be an overstatement to say that Vasoulla had conquered her obsession. But she was touchingly appreciative of what Jasmine had done for her and vowed [1] to continue their house-clearing project. 'It feels good to see the table again,' she said. After hearing Vasoulla's extraordinary story, I realised that my father isn't a hoarder at all. It isn't objects he prizes. It's their usefulness. Like many of his generation, who grew up in post-war austerity, my father likes to squeeze every drop of value from everything he owns, even if it means storing it for decades to do so. The windsurfing magazines will come in handy if he gets back into windsurfing; the carpet could do for a third garage. He even had a brilliant scheme for his collection of used deodorants. Incensed that you could never reach the final ten percent of the deodorant because of its plastic casing, he decided to heat and transfer the residue from each into an empty casing, thereby creating one new, reconstituted deodorant. At the time, my brother and I thought he was potty. But now I see that my father was actually decades ahead of the curve. He wasn't hoarding our family's discarded possessions; he was recycling them". ("My Hoarder Mum and Me BBC One review", www.telegraph.co.uk, author Andrew Petite).

037. The author quotes Jasmine's current job in order to:
007. Gli Usa entrarono nella prima guerra mondiale il 6 aprile 1917, risultando provvidenziali per la Triplice Intesa, anche per il venir meno dell'apporto della Russia a seguito della Rivoluzione d'ottobre. Secondo molti storici, i motivi furono essenzialmente economici, legati all'indiscriminata battaglia sottomarina tedesca che minacciava i commerci statunitensi. Alcuni, come pretesto scatenante, indicano:
056. Quale numero va messo al posto del ? per risolvere l'equazione?

026. La politica monetaria non convenzionale è utilizzata specialmente quando:

Read the text and answer the questions.
NORTH KOREA DECLARES 'MAJOR NATIONAL EMERGENCY' AS FIRST CASE OF COVID-19 IDENTIFIED, STATE MEDIA REPORTS.
North Korea has identified its first ever case of Covid-19, according to state media, which called the situation a "major national emergency."
It's unclear how many infections have been detected but state-run news agency KCNA reported on Thursday that cases of the Omicron variant had been found in the capital Pyongyang. Samples collected from a group of people experiencing fevers on May 8 tested positive for the highly contagious Omicron variant, KCNA reported.
An outbreak of Covid-19 could prove dire [1] for North Korea. The country's dilapidated health care infrastructure is unlikely to be up to the task of treating a large number of patients with a highly infectious disease.North Korea had not previously acknowledged any coronavirus cases, though few believe that a country of around 25 million people has been spared by a virus that has infected millions worldwide.
On Thursday, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un ordered lockdown measures in all cities and directed the distribution of medical supplies the party had reportedly stocked in case of a Covid emergency, according to KCNA.Kim also chaired a meeting of the country's powerful politburo, which agreed to implement "maximum" emergency anti-epidemic measures, though it is unclear what they involve.
According to KCNA, the politburo criticized the country's anti-epidemic sector for "carelessness, laxity, irresponsibility and incompetence," saying it "failed to respond sensitively" to increasing Covid-19 cases across the world, including in neighboring regions.Kim said the country would overcome the "unexpected Covid-19 outbreak," KCNA reported.
To date, North Korea has been able to prevent a major outbreak of Covid-19 cases thanks to a series of draconian public health measures.
North Korea's borders have been sealed since January 2020 to keep the virus at bay, despite the knock-on effects [3] on trade with Beijing, an economic lifeline the impoverished country needs to keep its people from going hungry. Zero vaccines could spell disaster. Isolated and impoverished North Korea is not known to have imported any coronavirus vaccines, though it is eligible for the global Covid-19 vaccine sharing program, Covax. In February, Covax reportedly scaled back [2] the number of doses allocated to North Korea because the country failed to arrange for any shipments, according to Reuters.
Also in February, the UN Special Rapporteur on human rights in North Korea Tomás Ojea Quintana called on the internationalcommunity to provide North Korea "with 60 million doses of vaccinations to cover at least two shots of the entire population."North Korea has also not provided information on its Covid-19 vaccination situation to the World Health Organization (WHO), according to its latest situation report.
Assuming most of North Korea's population is unvaccinated, a Covid outbreak would be disastrous. In the US earlier this year, Omicron fueled an unprecedented spike in Covid-19 cases, overwhelming hospitals with mostly unvaccinated patients. In Hong Kong, which had previously avoided high cases and deaths, a deadly Omicron wave quickly spiraled out of control, stretching morgues and hospitals to breaking point. At one stage, Hong Kong reported more deaths per million people than any country or territory in the world due to a large percentage of the city's elderly being unvaccinated.
But the US and Hong Kong have robust health systems. An outbreak in North Korea, which has limited testing capabilities, inadequate medical infrastructure, and which has isolated itself from the outside world, could quickly become deadly.

045. The adjective "draconian" means:
015. Il Cap. V della Parte I del Progetto sulla responsabilità dello Stato tratta delle circostanze per le quali va negata l’illiceità del comportamento; l"estremo pericolo" (art. 24):
034. Un metodo conveniente per investigare sulle cause del commercio internazionale è immaginare un mondo in cui vi sia assenza di commercio. Non è una delle condizioni di uniformità tra paesi che garantiscono l'assenza di commercio:

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